Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay Essay Example

Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay Paper Brahman is the highest and most supreme of all Hindu Gods. It is the transcendent, immanent, infinite, unchanging, ageless world. The Divine Ground that sums up all the being, infinite, clip energy, affair and all within and beyond this existence. Braham s nature is described as impersonal, personal and transpersonal. Brahman, conceived from the Hindu verb brh, means eternity and illustriousness. Brahman was born from Brahma who is the Godhead, the beginning and the seed of all that is in this universe. Brahman, due to his maps as the Godhead of all, is non allowed to hold a batch of fans and is therefore unpopular among the Hindu pantheon since his wok demands attending, concentration and invagination. As there is no more creative activity, he lost his importance to other Gods ; Vishnu and Siva, of the Hindu three. He is said to be father of Manu, from whom all Hindus descended from. Brahman is the cosmopolitan substrate or the absolute world and should non be confused with Brahma, God and the Godhead. They say that Brahman can non be known through stuff agencies, and we can non be made to be witting of it as he is our really ain being and consciousness. We will write a custom essay sample on Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Brahman Is The Highest And Most Supreme Religion Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Atman on the other manus refers to the true ego of a individual. Philosophically it is the psyche either separately or globally. It could besides b defined as the beginning o all the single psyches. It is the identical, unchanging and ageless kernel. Harmonizing to Hinduism, any mortal being has an immortal facet and this is ever hidden within every created object and this includes adult male. Atman provides experience of the pleasances and hurting of earthly life therefore giving us ground to populate and imparts Godhead possibilities and qualities. Atman being the soundless spouse and inhabitant within us and all our experiences and workss, can merely be felt when no other centripetal activities impact the head. This is attained through yoga. In Buddhism nevertheless, the cause of wretchedness is ignorance which is a premier effect of the belief that there exists an atman that is unchanging. Our psyche or atman is identifiable readily with Brahman s greater psyche. Buddhism In Buddhism, Anatta is the altruistic thought of non-self. It means that everything perceived is non in the I or mine sense and therefore one should non cleaving on to. It encourages people o develop a sense of willingness to allow travel at any clip as these sensed objects become unneeded to one s ego. The rebirth philosophy should be good differentiated from the reincarnation theory which refers to the psyche transmigration and its material metempsychosis invariable. Buddhism does non acknowledge the being of an ageless or unchanging psyche that emanates from godly kernel. It is in crisp contrast to Hinduism s ego consciousness political orientation of atman. Harmonizing to Buddhism there is nil that is fixed or permanent in our being. Everything is capable to devastation and decay. No adult male should place himself with any signifier or name but instead be cognizant of the uninterrupted alteration procedure of going. In Nipponese Buddhism, Satori means enlightenment. It is a rush O sudden single enlightenment and/or consciousness. It is coined from the Zen Buddhist civilization and considered as the boarding or earlier measure towards nirvana. Satori can and is frequently juxtaposed to the term kensho intending viewing one s nature and character . Satori nevertheless, is a deeper religious province than kensho. Bing an intuitive experience, It has been described as a state of affairs like waking up one twenty-four hours to happen yourself with an excess brace of weaponries to subsequently larn how to utilize them. Satori is normally attained from personal experiences by the traditional usage of koans like the aggregation found in the Gateless Gate. They are theoretical mystifiers pupils use in aid of Satori realisation. It does non happen to persons but instead all construct realisation persons included therein. The Zen Buddhist pupil demand to fix their heads foremost with strict survey with ko ans and so speculation which clears their heads from all fond regards to the physical being. In many Nipponese folk tales, Satori was referred to as a mountain brooding animal with the rare ability to read the human head and ideas. Thus the lone manner to get the better of a Satori was to empty one s head wholly. This manner it will run in fright, leave due to boredom or decease. Confucianism Confucianism put much accent on filial piousness. I is on of the most of import virtuousnesss and should be held extremely. It is defined as the regard for one s parents and ascendants. The Classic of Xiao, a Confucian book written during the 400 B.C. period in a conversation between Zeng Shen, a pupil and Confucius. Filial piousness, in Chinese civilization, is the fist and foremost virtuousness. These spiritual traditions were until recent old ages, been enforced by jurisprudence at times. It is a signifier of hereditary worship and its turning away was punishable by jurisprudence. This virtuousness should be shown to both the dead and the life alike and is a regard that has over the old ages bee extended to cover other five signifiers ; friend to friend, elder brother to younger brother, hubby to married woman, male parent to boy and swayer to govern. The regard for seniors was held in high fear in all these signifiers of relationships and the life stood as boies of the dead. This filial piousness thought adversely influenced the legal system in China. The book of filial piousness written in the 3rd century is the major beginning of filial piousness importance and it was attributed to Confucius every bit good as hello boy. Li is a Chinese word that is extensively used in Confucianism. It intending is instead obscure but in most instances it is attached to the word rite. I is merely an abstract thought and non and object of unequivocal nature. It has besides been described and translated s the ethical motives, etiquette or imposts. It is by and large a aggregation of regulations of proper and good behaviour. It broadly trades with the wholly whole spectrum of the contacts and interaction with nature, material objects and other human existences. Confucius, in his treatments, encompasses diverse subjects like administration, mourning, rubrics, imbibing tea, and acquisition among other things. Li entails the norms of proper behaviour socially taught to us by authorities functionaries, small town seniors or parents. The instructions encourage trueness, God religion, righteousness, brotherliness and filial entry. The Li influence has guided public outlooks and has enhanced the trueness to the community highe r-ups and seniors. Religious urge. Religion has ever been there possibly even longer than human existences. There was an apprehension of a supernatural force showed by Neanderthals 1000000s of old ages ago. The most common and eldritch yarn among the assorted faiths in the universe is the impulse to idolize a supernatural being or merely by and large something at that affair. Therefore, spiritual urge can be defined universally as the impulse to set religion in a signifier that is ever beyond our perceptual experience and apprehension. Even in our epoch, a clip of technological and scientific promotions, a batch of people believe in the unknown. Religion therefore is the belief in supernatural powers that control our destiny that is entitled to our obeisance, regard and worship. In every great faith, three facets are paramount ; charity, religion and hope. These are the moralss, ritual and divinity severally. It should imply preservation of values and be a system that involves a universe position, a doctrine and a cod ification of moralss. Different faiths have different features nevertheless most characteristics are similar in different faiths and these are ; specific regulations of behavior, sense of community and household, moralss system, establishments that are good organized, supernatural belief and life after decease, psyche being and sacred Bibles and Hagiographas. The factors and root causes that may take people towards spiritual urges are the fright of decease and whatever is lying in delay beyond that. Besides worlds are a funny clump and the enigma of their being pushes them towards a religious angle. Since we are incapable of replying most of life s inquiries, like the intent of our lives and the immaterial or the religious portion of us, it creates a belief towards faith as the best signifier of account. Finally one merely experience the demand of a religious scruples to the philistinism of modern life. The nature of the Godhead varies in different spiritual scenes. Hindus for illustration, frequently thi nk of themselves as monotheists idolizing assorted godly facets and no assorted deities. However, foreigners ever see Hinduism as similar to religions inclined to traditional polytheistic. Ideal Religion Among the above faiths, Confucianism is the most appealing while I find Hinduism the least appealing. Hinduism consists of so many beliefs with a batch of intertwined Gods and goddesses. The caste system of categories is besides unrealistic as all human bins should be equal and receive equal chances. For a really long clip his has bee the factor that has served most disservice to he Hindu faith. The thought of acknowledging inequalities based on the line of descent, household and birth and saying it as the will of God is dismaying. Though Confucianism has shortcomings every bit good, its moralss and ethical motives have positive influence on the society as a whole. The instructions of Li and filial piousness are greatly of import particularly to kids turning up. It is common sense to esteem and obey one s seniors and seting that into jurisprudence is a great manner of guaranting a society with good and polite ethical motives. It involved action internalisation leting one to be unfastened to the esthesiss panoply of the experience. It maintains a healthy altruism patterns to oneself and as an illustration set to others. Personal attacks every bit good as the attacks of the at big demonstrates how these values are utilized in everything, the good and the bad, the elaborate and the wide, the formlessness and the signifier. The rites and patterns in Confucianism are dynamic. These patterns have been modified and revised in conformity to emerging social beliefs. Though the patterns are bound to alter, the cardinal p olitical orientation remains the nucleus of the spiritual beliefs.

The Outsiders2 essays

The Outsiders2 essays In this book analysis, about the book "The Outsiders" by S. E. Hinton I will discuss character and plot development, as well as the setting, the author's style and my opinions about the book. In this part of the analysis I will give some information about the subjects of the book, The author wrote the story when she was just 16 years old, in the 1950s. The book was successful, and it was sold, and still being sold, in many copies as a young adults novel. There was a movie made about it, and today there are still many schools that use this book in junior high and high schools for English classes. There were plays made about the book too. The Outsiders is about a gang. They live in a city in Oklahoma. Ponyboy Curtis, a 14 year old greaser, tells the story. Other characters include Sodapop and Darry, Ponyboy's brothers, Johnny, Dallas, and Two-Bit, that were also gang members and Ponyboy's friends. This story deals with two forms of social classes: the socs, the rich kids, and the greasers, the poor kids. The socs go around looking for trouble and greasers to beat up, and then the greasers are blamed for it, because they are poor and cannot affect the authorities. I hope you would enjoy and learn something about the book from reading this analysis. The plot development in the book, "The Outsiders" by S.E. Hinton, was easy to follow. In this part of the book analysis I will give some more details about the plot development. There were no hooks or hurdles in the beginning of the book, the first sentence starts right away with the plot-without any forewords. This is the beginning of the first sentence: "When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house..." (page 9). As you can see, it goes straight to the point without any prologues or any kind of introduction. The plot development in the middle of the story was sensible and easy to ...

Final report for summer internship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Final report for summer internship - Essay Example The company has a wide market spread. It gets most of its revenue from its primary market which comprises of Far East, Europe and the Gulf Region. The main products of the market are Methanol and MTBE. The Company aims to optimize the exploitation of the country’s infinite hydrocarbon resources through the production and export of methanol and MTBE. Industry Qatar is a limited liability company. The same was registered and integrated in the state of Qatar as a Qatari Shareholding Company. During 2003 QAFAC received the entire shareholding transfer by Qatar Petrochemical (QP) through IQ. QP is engaged in giving services to the oil industry in Qatar and abroad. It is a state owned corporation engaged in drilling and discovery for oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbon substances and their processing. Presently, QAFAC is the greatest supplier and producer of methanol and MTBE. It supplies its product to the local, regional and international market. The methanol plant has a capacity to produce 832500 tons of methanol annually. The company currently is owned by shareholders where IQ owns 50% of its share, OPIC Middle East Corporation owing 20%, International Octane Limited holding 15% and LCY Middle East Corporation owing 15%. ... They are as follows: Prioritize and strategize the promotion of safe and environment friendly production of MTBE. It exerts profound importance over the endorsement of the storage, handling and proper usage of MTBE To maintain the eco friendly standards of its product and assure the positive contribution to contemporary society. To promote more awareness about its products Augment relationships and networking amongst the shareholders all around the globe. Enhance the industry and shareholders in-depth knowledge and consciousness about their products. To study how clean fuel and clean air can be achieved through MTBE (Saleh Al-Sada, n.d.). The company does not have any mission statement as such. But it stretches upon the state gets maximum benefits from its product. It also focuses upon building an organization with internationally competitive business and technical expertise. Regarding its service the company offers two products namely Methyl-Tertiary-Butyl-Ether (MTBE) and Methanol. MTBE is produced through processing of butane and methanol. Butane is provided by QP and the methanol plant provides methanol. MTBE is a colorless flammable liquid. The product is manufactured to reduce the tail gas pollution generated by motor vehicles. It also eliminates the requirement for Tetra Ethyl Lead blending the gasoline. QAFAC produces the methanol from the natural gas provided by the QP through refinement of stream and synthesis of methanol itself. Methanol is used as an energy source and a raw material for some of the day to day item we use at ours household. Methanol can also be used as a raw material for the production of solvents, formaldehyde, methyl halide, methyl amine, acetic acid, ethyl alcohol, acetic anhydride, DME and MTBE.

A critical assessment of Morrisons approach to strategic HRM Essay

A critical assessment of Morrisons approach to strategic HRM - Essay Example A critical assessment of the approach Morrisons takes to its strategic HRM, in this context will help to justify The Personnel Review’s (2009)iii notion that if a big organisation is to function successfully, strategies at different levels need to inter-relate. Furthermore, an evaluation of the extent to which Morrisons’ SHRM approach contributes to organisational effectiveness substantiates TIJHRM’s (2004)iv view that focusing on the alignment of SHRM with firm strategy is a means of gaining competitive advantage. However, in order to effectively measure the extent to which SHRM contributes to the overall organisational effectiveness, an important aspect requires to be taken into consideration which is moving away from sole reliance on financial measures of organisational success. Instead, holistic frameworks are applied such as Kaplan and Norton’s (1996) Balanced Scorecard, which seeks to judge Morrisons’ performance on the basis of a range of indicators. The report’s conclusion observes that the approach which Morrisons’ managers implement, SHRM policies and exercise leadership, is strongly related to positive employee views in respect to a range of issues that facilitate motivation and productivity (e.g. worker-management relations, reward and recognition, coaching and guidance, communication and quality control (Morrisons 2010). Having said that a noticeable recommendation recognises that since pay mix is related to financial performance (Gerhart and Milkovich, 1990)v, in order to simultaneously improve employee ownership and promote high wages, staff and managerial remuneration, compensation should be based on Morrisons financial performance. This paper applies associated theory & practice to critically assess the approach Morrisons takes to its strategic HRM. This will be achieved by critically examining the definitions of personnel

Understanding the U.S. Constitution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding the U.S. Constitution - Assignment Example As the paper outlines, there are mainly three groups of people where the constitution is involved. The first group subscribes to the theory that the constitution should be based on original intent, the others insist that it should be based on textualism and the rest insist that the constitution is a living document and hence subject to changes and other amendments (Isaacs 5). Textualists hold the belief that the constitution should not be based on intent where judges and others using the constitution make their own interpretations of it. Instead, they should use it according to the way the original drafters of the constitution wrote it. The same views are held by those subscribing to the originalism theory who insist that the original meaning of the constitution should be maintained and if any amendments are to be made whatsoever, they should be in line with the original ideas of those who drafted it and diverse further. These two groups of people go parallel with those arguing that the constitution is a living document which should be dynamic and hence flexible to have as many amendments as necessarily required. This last group, therefore, insists that the constitution should be interpreted according to the situation at hand and in accordance to other laws and also in order for the rest of the citizens who are not legal technocrats to understand it better. These differing ideologies about the constitution were also experienced initially when it was being drafted as not all those congressmen present voted in support of it in the constitutional convention of 1787. The differences were also experienced later on in the late 1700s and early 1800s hence the various amendments that were made among them being the 1st to the 12th amendment all which were made during this period. The founding fathers of the constitution therefore disagreed and finally made changes and hence were not supporters of textualism. Textualism is a good thing since it helps to ensure that the o riginal meaning of the constitution is maintained. However, the original intent of the constitution should be present because times are changing and since even the original drafters of the constitution made changes to the document, then there is no need of fully committing to textualism. Based on the above facts and even the evidence that has been seen through the twenty-seven (27) amendments made since it was drafted, my views are that the constitution is and remains to be a living document and hence will keep on allowing for amendments to be made but at the same time ensure that the original ideas and meaning is not lost during the changes and interpretation. We fought a revolution for "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" because "all men are created equal." Yet the United States remained a slave nation for over 80 years after this revolution even though some founders disapproved and some states abolished the institution. So was this great country of ours founded on hypoc risy? The founders of this nation had the best interest of the rest of the US citizens at heart. It is this love and passion for their country that made them draft the constitution which was not only a declaration of law but also the way forward for the nation for the years to come. However, even though the constitution had articles and even amendments which were meant to ensure equality for all in this nation, some of these founders were still not fully committed to ending slavery or even fully do away with the issue of racism.

Should Constitutions be Written?

Should Constitutions be Written? Constitutions should be written. Discuss. Choose one country with a case law system and one with a civil law system and discuss the advantages of each. ANSWER 1. Introduction A constitution can be defined as a system or framework which enshrines the principles and rules by which a body is governed. In the context of states the term makes reference specifically to the national constitution of the state, which serves to define the fundamental political principles, the legal environment and modus operandi of the state and which establishes the duties and powers of the government of the state.[1] National constitutions can be classified as either codified or uncodified. Codified constitutions are those which are contained in a single document, containing the single source of the constitutional law of a state, and perhaps the most well known example is the Constitution of the United States.[2] Uncodified constitutions are those which are not contained in a single document, but consist instead of several different sources, which can be written or unwritten.. It should be noted that there are hybrid systems which seem to fall between the two classes such as the Australian Constitution[3], in which constitutional law largely derives from a single written document, but other written documents are also considered part of the constitution[4]. Probably the best example of a pure uncodified constitution is the constitution of the United Kingdom which does not rely on any single written fundamental document, but rather consists of a patchwork of written and unwritten sources. The term written constitution makes reference to a constitution which is entirely written and by definition this would include every codified constitution. Indeed, in academic writing the term written constitution is synonymous with codified constitution, and in similar fashion the term unwritten constitution is interchangeable with uncodified constitution (although as stated this is not always entirely accurate: see Australian constitution). In the modern world, codification is the norm. Most states have evolved written constitutions which stand as the supreme and overarching statements of national law. Unwritten constitutions are certainly in the minority, but it is submitted at the outset that this should not be taken as proof that a written constitution is a prerequisite to success or stability. 2. A Common Law System: England The United Kingdom is notable in that it operates under an unwritten constitution, although this term has been criticised by commentators such as Bogdanor as a â€Å"misleading platitude†[5]. In this paper we will confine ourselves to an examination of the legal system of England and Wales, within the United Kingdom, because the Scottish legal system derives from Roman Law a very different legal heritage and tradition.[6] The modern English system of law can be traced back to the Norman conquest of 1066. The Norman kings, while promising to respect local rights and customs, dispatched judges to travel around the country on circuits and these judges gradually began following each other’s decisions to preserve the consistency of the application of law in different parts of the country. This practice became formalised and is today known as the doctrine of judicial precedent. This doctrine was extremely successful in underpinning the English common law system (ie a law common to all parts of the kingdom). One advantage of this uncodified model is that it is free to grow and develop organically to suit the changing environment it must regulate something which is more difficult when one is bound by a rigid set of general principles such as that which would underpin a fully written system. As the Parliament at Westminster fully established itself and grew in power and authority over the Monarch it took its place alongside the common law. Together, the common law and Parliamentary legislation came to offer a coherent and comprehensive system of law, which has matured and refined itself over centuries of stable government. It can be argued that an unwritten system puts its faith in untrammelled democratic process and in those charged with its maintenance. There are, it is submitted, obvious risks attached to this strategy, but in simple terms England has never found the need to adopt an overlaying written constitution, because of the strength and scope of its existing system. However, this is not to say that the English ‘constitution’ is entirely unwritten. Aspects of constitutional-style law are evident in venerable statutes such as the 1215 Magna Carta,[7] the 1689 Bill of Rights[8], the 1701 Act of Settlement[9] and the 1911 and 1949 Parliament Acts.[10] More recently the United Kingdom has adopted quasi-constitutional law in piecemeal fashion by means of the European Communities Act 1972, which provides the legal framework necessary for the country’s membership of the European Union, and the Human Rights Act 1998, which imports the rights and freedoms enshrined in the European Convention of Human Rights into UK law, conferring those rights on citizens of the United Kingdom. This means that the English system achieves an effect equivalent to that which is delivered by a written constitution without the formality of the latter model and therefore some of the advantages of written systems are to some extent rendered nugatory. That sai d, the principle that stands at the very heart of the English legal system and overrides all other provisions and considerations cannot be found set out in any of these documents. The highest rule of UK law, which has the potential to override any principle of a constitutional or quasi-constitutional nature, is the Doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty. This unwritten rule declares that the Parliament of the United Kingdom enjoys full and unchallengeable sovereignty in all its actions. In practice, this means that the Parliament of the day (namely the House of Lords the House of Commons, and the Monarch acting together)[11] has supreme authority over all aspects of English governance and all other institutions of the state, including the courts and other executive bodies. This ensures that the situation in England differs with that which prevails in many states operating under codified or written constitutions, where supreme courts are often empowered to strike down legislation deemed to be unconstitutional in nature.[12] The Constitution of the United States’ is one example of such a system and the so-called â€Å"checks and balances† it employs to safeguard the integrity of the constitution and the governance of the state are much cherished.. In the English system, given that Parliamentary supremacy is unquestioned, although complex procedures for judicial review are in place, by which courts can review and challenge laws considered defective in some way, the final word is left to Parliament itself. In the Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution (1885)[13] Dicey : â€Å"Parliament has the right to make or unmake any law whatever; and further, that no person or body is recognised by the law of England as having a right to override or set aside the legislation of Parliament.† This is the most important law of the English legal system and it is this rule above all which explains the country’s lack of a written constitution. As a direct consequence of the application of this principle the UK Parliament has the power to make, amend and revoke law on any issue at any time. No Parliament has the power to bind a successor Parliament to its will, meaning that no Parliament could enact a so-called constitutional law which could not later be repealed or amended by some future Parliament as easily as any other piece of legislation. Moreover, the only body with the ultimate power to vary a law brought into force by the UK Parliament is Parliament itself. This gives the English system considerable flexibility and adaptability, and this is clearly and advantage. However, given that the system relies exclusively on the integrity of Parliament, its success is predicated on a fluctuating democratic mechanism. To date, the United Kingdom has enjoyed good and stable government and its citizens have not expressed any cogent desire for the protection of a written constitution.. However, that is not to say that at some point in the future the â€Å"checks and balances† and clarity typically provided by a written constitution might prove useful. 3. A Civil Law System: France The French legal system is a good example of a civil law system operating under a written constitution. The current Constitution of France, which is known as the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, was adopted in 1958.[14] It has been amended on various occasions, most recently in 2003. The French model is particularly interesting as it was used as a template for the foundation treaties of the European Economic Community, which has now evolved to become the European Union, which itself is now seeking to establish its own written constitution.[15] National legal systems characterised as Civilian are those which see their origins in the model of governance adopted in ancient Rome by the Emperor Justinian (sometimes known as Roman law systems). Civil law systems are systematic (based on an organised code of conceived principle) and inductive (where a specific ruling is induced from a general first-principle) as opposed to Common law systems which are empirical (based on a bank of actual cases) and deductive (where a general principle is deduced from a specific instance or series of instances). As to which system is to be preferred, both give rise to a variety of advantages and disadvantages and both have the potential to provide a state with a fair and effective system of government. Codified or written systems are always of the Civil school, given that a code of law is a prerequisite of that legal tradition, and consequently common law or case law systems are far better suited to an uncodified or unwritten constitutional arrangement. In very general terms the advantages of written systems of law such as the French system are those of certainty, consistency, clarity and stability, while its main disadvantage is rigidity. Unwritten case law systems benefit from being more fluid and adaptable and assuming this flexibility is not abused an uncodified model can be extremely successful. The main disadvantages of case law systems are that it is more difficult to predict the law’s response to new situations, and that the fundamental guiding principles of the legal system are harder to identify. The preamble of the French constitution refers to the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. As such it establishes the identity of the French state as a democratic secular republic which derives its sovereignty from the people of France. This gives the French constitution a clear mandate and provides it with a strong foundation, something which is lacking in unwritten, uncodified systems such as the English. This may be construed as an advantage, given law is an amorphous concept which can benefit from grounding in any context, but unless the authority of law is subject to challenge the advantage is theoretical only and the people of England appear satisfied to adhere to the law without such conceptual underpinning.. A written constitution such as the French offers a â€Å"one-stop shop† for provisions relating to the election of the President of France and the French Parliament.. It also sets down mechanisms for the appointment and selection of the Government of France, and specifically details the powers of each of these bodies and the relations between them. The French constitution also guaranteed the autonomy and authority of the judiciary and establishes the Constitutional Council, the High Court of Justice, and an Economic and Social Council. This is a clearly useful, and probably stands as an advantage over the English system, where such matters are dealt with in piecemeal fashion and without the simplicity and some might say methodological strength of an written system. When dispute arises in the French system there is therefore one and one only sovereign authority to turn to for guidance and this may prove beneficial in its resolution. In rebuttal, those defending the unwritten En glish system can point to many states which operate under a written constitution which suffer considerably more administrative difficulties and enjoy significantly less stability than it does. The maxim â€Å"if it isn’t broke, don’t fix it† appears to suit the English experience and explains the reluctance or at least ambivalence of English government and people in this context. The French constitution also provides for a politically strong President and this could be seen as another advantage, although again it is hard to argue that the British Prime Minister is prejudiced by the fact that his role is not similarly enshrined.. The French constitution also permits the ratification of international treaties such as those necessary for membership of the United Nations and European Union.. However, this is not necessarily an advantage. It is submitted that in modern times the trend has been towards greater and deeper international association. It could be argued that national written constitutions have the potential to frustrate international integration given that the international association may also wish to establish a sovereign constitution and that there will inevitably be conflict between the two sets of laws. There are tensions, for example, between the French constitution and the constitution which has been proposed for the European Union, and even with existing provisions of EU law. It can thus be contended that the English unwritten system is more adaptable to assimilation with an international body incorporating its own constitutional framework. Moreover written constitutions can be bypassed something done by French President Charles de Gaulle in highly controversial circumstances in 1962,[16] and this can leave a new law in a state of limbo. 4. Concluding Comments In summary, it is submitted that perhaps the most obvious advantage of a codified or written constitution is that it provides coherent, comprehensive and certain body of rules.. Being contained in a single document a codified constitution is accessible to all and can, if well crafted, establish an equitable and effective system of governance and rights. Written constitutions also promote consistency and concrete points of reference for law which can be applied to shape a legal system’s response to changing conditions within a state. That said however, written constitutions which become entrenched may suffer from rigidity and it is flexibility that perhaps stands as the greatest advantage of the unwritten, uncodified system operated in the United Kingdom. It is true that constitutional courts may offer a wide range of interpretations of constitutional principles under a written system, but it is not possible to lend a codified system that flexibility and adaptability enjoyed by an unwritten one. The title to this work asserts that â€Å"constitutions should be written†. It has been shown that this is not necessarily the case, given that states can function successfully and for long periods of time without the foundations of a codified or written constitutional framework. A good example is that of the United Kingdom itself, which is one of the most stable and successful democracies in the world, and which has grown to become such without being underpinned by a written constitutional document. While it has been suggested that the United Kingdom adopts a written constitution there appears to be no urgent pressure or compelling need to make the change. Therefore, while it is acknowledged that most states around the world have adopted a codified constitution this commentator contends that the statement under review should be subject to the caveat that states do not require to make reference to such a system of law as a prerequisite to effective government or a robust and e quitable society. The fact that a constitution is unwritten does not necessarily undermine the integrity of a national legal system, as the relative success of the United Kingdom and such countries as New Zealand and Israel testifies. There are, has been noted, risks attached to an unwritten system which puts its faith exclusively in the democratic process. However, in closing it is worth noting that there are also risks attached to written systems bound to overarching constitutions, because those constitutions can be abused or manipulated in a way that can deliver excessive power and authority. A constitution is, after all, only as good as the words that comprise it. Ironically, the elliptical doctrinal patchwork of an unwritten system can frustrate the intentions of nascent dictatorial ambition. In conclusion it is undeniably true that the great majority of states have chosen the certainty and clarity of a written system, but that is by no means the only way to run a country well. THE END WORD COUNT : 2808 (excluding footnotes) BIBLIOGRAPHY A. Bradley and K. Ewing, Constitutional and Administrative Law, (2003) Longman Wikipedia (various sources): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States JF McEldowney, Public Law, (2002) Sweet Maxwell P. Spink and N. Busby et al, Scots Law, (2003) LexisNexis Albert Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution (1885): http://www..constitution.org/cmt/avd/law_con.htm. 1 Footnotes [1] For an insightful overview see: A. Bradley and K. Ewing, Constitutional and Administrative Law, 13th ed., (2003) Longman, chapter 1. [2] See: http://en.wikipedia..org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States. [3] See: http://en.wikipedia..org/wiki/Constitution_of_Australia. [4] In the Constitution of Australia, most fundamental political principles and regulations regarding the relationship between branches of government, and regarding the government and the individual are codified in a single document, the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia. However, the existence of statutes with constitutional significance, namely the Statute of Westminster, as adopted by the Commonwealth in the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942, and the Australia Act 1986 means that Australias constitution is not incorporated in a single constitutional document. [5] See: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/talking_politics/88136.stm. [6] See P. Spink and N. Busby et al, Scots Law, (2003) LexisNexis, chapter 1. [7] See: http://www.bl.uk/treasures/magnacarta/translation.html [8] See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Bill_of_Rights. [9] See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Settlement. [10] See: http://en.wikipedia..org/wiki/Parliament_Acts. [11] Although the participation of the Crown is essentially ceremonial and formal only. [12] See: http://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution..html. [13] Albert Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution (1885): http://www.constitution.org/cmt/avd/law_con.htm. [14] Which replaced that of the Fourth Republic dating from October 27, 1946. [15] Ironically this plan has been frustrated by a negative referendum vote in France itself. [16] See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_France.

The Apocalypse of William S. Burroughs’ Naked Lunch Essay -- Apocalyps

The Apocalypse of William S. Burroughs’ Naked Lunch The roaring of lions, the howling of wolves, the raging of the stormy sea, and the destructive sword, are portions of eternity too great for the eye of man. (William Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, p. 7) In 1980, William S. Burroughs delivered a speech at the Planet Earth Conference at the Institute of Ecotechnics in Aix-en-Provence titled ‘The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse’.1 In this speech, Burroughs, following religious tradition, says that the four horsemen of the apocalypse are Famine, Plague, War, and Death and moves on to prophesise a more contemporaneous apocalypse. In Burroughs’ apocalypse, War and Plague, for example, have become allies; this alliance, Burroughs announces, ‘was cemented with the first germ experiments’ (Burroughs, 1984, p. 12). The danger of these experiments lies in their ability to not only create new viruses but to also turn them into biological weapons. But for Burroughs there is a significant similarity between a twentieth-century-specific apocalypse, with its radiation and contaminants, and the religious apocalypse of the four horsemen. For Burroughs, both types of apocalypse ‘have no meaning outside of human c ontext, they are in fact human inventions’ (p. 17). More specifically, they are the essential flaws in what Burroughs calls the ‘human artifact’ (p. 17) and in our evolution as a species. For Burroughs, the only way out is to first understand that our biological destiny ‘is in Space, and that our failure to achieve this is the basic flaw in the human artifact’ (p. 24). This speech constitutes Burroughs’ first appearance in the scene as an apocalyptist. Previous to this, he was best known as one of the fundamental members of... ... and McCain, Gillian, Please Kill Me: The Uncensored Oral History of Punk (London: Little Brown and Company, 1996) Morgan, Ted, Literary Outlaw: The Life and Times of William S. Burroughs (London: Pimlico, 1991) Mottram, Eric, The Algebra of Need (Canada: Beau Fleuve Series, 1971) Murphy, Timothy S., Wising Up the Marks: The Amodern William Burroughs (London: University of California Press, 1997) Pounds, Wayne, ‘The Postmodern Anus: Parody and Utopia in Two Recent Novels by William Burroughs’ in Poetics Today, 8:3-4, 1987, pp.611-629 Seltzer, Alvin, Chaos in the Novel, the Novel in Chaos (New York: Schocken Books, 1974) Ziegesar, Peter von, ‘After Armageddon: Apocalyptic Art Since the Seventies: Tactics of Survival in a Postnuclear Planet’ in Strozier, Charles B. and Flynn, Michael, eds., The Year 2000: Essays on the End (London: New York UP, 1997)

Questionner on Recruitment and Selection Process

Questionnaire Name: Gender: M/F Occupation: Contact number: 1. Does the organization clearly define the position, objectives, requirements and candidate specification in the recruitment process? oYes oNo 2. Which source is used by Zydus to hire new employees? oInternal oExternal oBoth 3. If internal, how they got their current position? oPromotion oTransfer oUp gradation oRetired employees 4. If external than which sources used by Zydus? oCampus interview oEmployees referrals oConsultant oAdvertisement oWalk ins oWebsite 5. Which type of interview method does company usually follow? Structured Interview oUnstructured Interview 6. What is the focus of interview? oPersonality oIntellectual ability oQualification oTechnical proficiencies oKnowledge oExperience 7. Treatment given to you when you came for interview at Zydus oVery satisfied oSatisfied oAverage oDissatisfied oVery dissatisfied 8. How well were the organization’s affirmative action needs clarified and supported in the selection process? oExcellent oAdequate oPoor 9. Where you provided appointment letter on the 1st day of the joining? oYes oNo 10. Was orientation/induction program provided to you? oYes oNo 11.Has your induction program helped you to understand your job, responsibilities, and performance standard? oYes oNo oNot Applicable 12. What type of induction training would you prefer? oOn job oOff job 13. How Induction is conducted? oBy Presentation oBy Premises oBy providing Manuals oAll Above 14. Explanation of norms, values and department policies and procedures oVery satisfied oSatisfied oAverage oDissatisfied 15. After recruitment and selection process have you under gone the period of probation? oYes oNo 16. How would you rate the HR department’s performance in recruitment and selection? oExcellent oGood oPoor

Spirits And The Supernatural i essays

Spirits And The Supernatural i essays The Idea of Spirits and the Supernatural You will no doubt notice that ghosts and spirits play a rather large role in Hamlet. Not merely as an oft used character, but also as a main basis for the plotline, and one of the key indications of Hamlets madness. His dead fathers spirit stays on our mortal plane to explain how he did to Hamlet. The idea in the play is that the ghost is actually there, as opposed to being a mere figment of Hamlets imagination. What was the basis for Shakespeare to use the ghost in the first place? The idea of supernatural beings was not new in Shakespeares time. It has been around since the dawn of time, due to mans constant fixation on that which he cannot see or explain. However, ideas surrounding ghosts seemed to get more serious in the Middle Ages, due to the rise of many new and different religions. Simply the belief in each person having his or her own spirit may have been enough for many people to see these ghosts. However, even with the wide occurrences of these visions, and the ease of persuading someone that you had seen one, there was (back then, as much as there is today) your famed privileged elite. The so-called enlightened people, who knew better than to believe in such laughable matters. They considered those who did believe to be mad. The general thought process was that ...many men do sadly persuade themselves that they see or hear ghosts. If you had seen a ghost, you had in all likeliness gone through something that had caused significant melancholic or angry emotions. The reasoning was that your brain, to compensate, formed a vision of something to do with those emotions. Another explanation was that the death of someone dear to you could cause you to see that person in spirit. If this happened, you were thought to have unfinished business with that ghost (which is ironic, as the p ...

Why Do People Join Gangs Essay Example

Why Do People Join Gangs Essay Example Why Do People Join Gangs Paper Why Do People Join Gangs Paper Gangs, or most people define as a group of criminals who band together for mutual protection and profit, are still widely increasing in the united States today. Even though everyone can agree that any gang related activities and crimes are against the law, people still Joins it regardless with various reasons: Desire for protection, to appear cool, and have a sense of family. People often Join gangs to get a protection from others. Especially in ghetto, where most of the gangs originate from, people struggles to live every day because of a high crime rate and low Income. Jolting gangs would be the only way for them to live safely because they seek to protect one another. While some people Join gangs mainly to survive, the others are completely opposite. They join gangs in order to appear or sound cool. These mostly affects youth because they like to stand out than the rest especially at school. Some gangs are even designed to attract young recruits. Some wears the latest fashion trends, throw the hottest parties, and drive the coolest cars. They can appear to have the perfect lifestyle to a young kid whos looking to fit In somewhere. They have an Image f coolness that has been established by the media. Although some might think having a coolness and protection is some of the reasons why people Join gangs, it is very situational and only targeted towards certain groups. Usually, the main reason why people join gangs is to have a feeling of family. Most of the gang members are from a broken family, abandoned child, and others that were not accepted from the society. They do not understand having a sense of people who actually care for one other. So when they Join gangs and develop their first sense of strong bonds, they would most likely to be part of a gang. There are many other reasons why people Join gangs such as a peer pressure, need for money, excitement, and so on. But overall, people Join gangs to be in part of something that they never have experienced before. Even though they know it is against the law to kill a person, do drugs, and possess illegal weapons, they will still do It regardless because they care for one another. 1 . What is the full official name of the gang? Blood Oath (Bloods) A. K. A. East Coast Bloods 2. What is the agenda or reason for the gangs existence? Is it race, protection, drugs, or a combination of various factors? They are all about the protections. Bloods would risk their lives to protect the other members. 3. What are the gangs colors and/or symbols? How do they identify themselves? B. L. O. O. D. Stands for Brotherly Love Overriding Oppression and Destruction of Society. Wears red clothes to symbolize the blood. D. O. G. S. Stands for Doing Only Gangster S*it. Star shaped symbol represents soul, body, unity, lost, and love. 4. What are three toner things you nave learned tout tons gang Trot ten Tall? I nee nave to take another persons life in order to become bloods. They are usually respectful of the other gangs. Bloods usually dominates the east and the west coast of U. S. 5. What did you find to be the most violent crime or dangerous activity the gang engaged in that was shown in the video? After G-check, whoever that hesitates to answer the blood questions gets killed. 6. What is the full official name of the gang? Hells Angels 7. What is the agenda or reason for the gangs existence? Is it race, protection, drugs, or a combination of various factors? Mostly known as Fun for rebels, Hells Angels is the biker gangs that seeks to discipline the other gangs. They mostly does the organized crimes and sells drugs. . What are the gangs colors and/or symbols? How do they identify themselves? T. C. B. Stands for Take Care of Business. They sells their specialized drugs called D. O. A. In which stand for the Dust of Angels. They usually have a weekly chapter meeting at church. 9. What are three other things you have learned about this gang from the film? They hate Mongols. About 85% of their members has been arrested for felonies. They are very secretive. 10. What did you find to be the most violent crime or dangerous activity the gang engaged in that was shown in the video? Casino crime scene. It has been recorded vive by using a security camera and also known as the most violent crime in Casino. 11. What is the full official name of the gang? MS-13 12. What is the agenda or reason for the gangs existence? Is it race, protection, drugs, or a combination of various factors? MASS, Just like any other gangs, a goal is to make everyone know that they are the most powerful gang in the world. They seeks for drugs, power, and their race. 13. What are the gangs colors and/or symbols? How do they identify themselves? 13 represents the 13th letter of an alphabet. Mar Salvation is the leader of a gang. 14. What are three other things you have learned about this gang from the film? To be in part of MASS, new members has to get grounded for 15 seconds Very famous for being the most ruthless gang MASS exists in more than 42 states. 15. What did you find to be the most violent crime or dangerous activity the gang engaged in that was shown in the video? Bus massacre where all of the passengers got shot and dead including the children. 16. What is the full official name of the gang? Skinheads frontline on the race boards (Neo-Nazis) 1 / want Is ten agenda or reason Tort ten gangs existence? Is It race, protection, rugs, or a combination of various factors? Their goal is to make races separated and to show the others that whites are the most superior races than any other races. They are very violent and racist. 18. What are the gangs colors and/or symbols? How do they identify themselves? Boot party refers to beating with a pair of boots as a group They wear the white and blood shoelaces to represent their race and blood. 19. What are three other things you have learned about this gang from the film? They have swastika tattoos. Skinheads were first originated from Great Britain and created from the gap between ICC and poor. Homesick nation is known as the most dangerous white race group in the world. 20. What did you find to be the most violent crime or dangerous activity the gang engaged in that was shown in the video? Just hitting a random person because he/ she is not white. Sometimes led to death. 21 . What is the full official name of the Latin Kings 22. What is the agenda or reason for the gangs existence? Is it race, protection, drugs, or a combination of various factors? Their primary goal is to protect their race. They also do drugs, but it was not as important as their race and protection. 3. What are the gangs colors and/or symbols? How do they identify themselves? Armor De Ray means love for Spanish. They usually cannot trust their own members. Yellow represents their symbol as a Latin. White manifesto teaches a lesson on how to behave. 24. What are three other things you have learned about this gang from the film? Normally gets killed if someone breaks the rule. They would attack anyone who is wearing anything associated with red. King blood is the leader of Latin Kings because of his crime record. 25. What did you find to be the most violent crime or dangerous activity the gang engaged in that was shown in the video? Murder of King Roman. Killer chopped off the corpse and set it on fire. And also attempted to eliminate King Maggie during Halloween but he barely escaped. How do you feel society could better deal with the gang issue? Do you feel tougher laws or intervention programs could make a difference? What would you do to tackle the gang problem? Gangs have been existed for decades and it still is. The society as a whole already terra a numerous way to prevent ten est. Adolescent Ana ten recruitment AT gangs and while some did work, the rest did not. Although having tougher laws or intervention programs might help to suppress the problems temporarily, there is no definite solution to prevent the gang issues, and there will not be. As a society advances through the development of technology, medicine, and others, a lot of people will expect that the problem becomes easier to solve, but in reality, it becomes much difficult. Having a better technology do not only benefit the society, but also the gang members, which makes the problem even more complicated. An internet for example, although it helps people to have an access to a recent news and alerts, the gangs can have an access to that also. When a police car comes by, it notifies the nearest gang members to be cautious. The society is trying their best to deal with issues, but it is a lot more complicated than most people think. Making the laws tougher or having an intervention programs might help, but it does not extinguish the problems completely; it is like Darnings theory of evolution. When the police hires more officers to deal with gangs, a lot of the gangs will surrender but whoever that gets to survive gets to make even more powerful gangs. Same thing applies to the intervention programs. While the program may help a child o become more aware of the society, whoever that were already in an influence of other gangs will not care regardless. Personally, if solving all these issues were up to me, I would do the exact same thing as what society wants me to do. Making the laws stricter, hiring more police officers, and educating more children, that is what I would do because I know that the gang issues are not as easy to solve as what most people think. When technologies grow, the gang will grow, and when the society drops, the gang will drop too. There are many ways to prevent it, but no way to solve it.

Dealer's choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dealer's choice - Essay Example From this definition, it is clear that politics exist in only in the presence of divided popular opinions. A political philosophy is the principal ideology defining how best to manage collective institutions such as government, economic systems and other social structures (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). It involves individual or collective analysis and interpretation of ideas like freedom, justice, authority and democracy followed by application of the derived meaning in collective institutions (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). The term prejudice refers to inflexible and often irrational opinions held by someone or section within a population. The provocative question from this analysis of the above quote can be stated as: Is politics governed through political philosophies or merely a systematic organization of prejudices? Political philosophies are defined around reflection on prevailing social and political issues. Philosophers meditate on the in-depth meaning of such conditions and their impli cation to resource distribution and human interactions (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). For instance the industrial revolutions that finally lead to urbanization economist pondered between private property ownership versus collective ownership that existed. Some supported capitalism engaging in the popularization of this philosophy against communism and all this is due to the systematic organization of hatred involved with politics (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). Capitalism dominated over communism based on positive implication in motivating individual and collective economic growth. During this era, political leadership is complied with either of these two philosophies (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). Another example is the debate between having absolute separation between church and politics which prevailed mainly in the 19th century when religious missionaries were used to gain political control of new territories. Absolute separation of the two institutions was perceived to allow for independent co ntrol and monitoring of events in each objectively (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). Through the integration of church issue in politics and vice versa was supported in the view of ensuring ethical political conduct and institutionalization of church issue, it lead to compromise of the same factors due to subjective approach to problem solving. Currently globalization and increased social liberalization has elicited varied opinions supporting social permissiveness and conservative social structures. Democracy has been advocated as the political philosophy that offers allows leadership to thrive through gaining majority support based on ideologies that best address individual freedom of expression (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). Conservative political leaders insist on strict adherence to established structures with minimal adjustment to fit the context (Cahn & Talisse, 15-300). Based on these arguments politics is based on philosophical ideas. Democracy gains more popularity due to advantages whi ch includes allowing individual freedom within organizations and equal representations of stakeholders. Despite this philosophical approach to politics, it remains undefined whether these philosophies have universal validity or are just representation of sections within the society. Are they based on inherent human characteristics? Are these ideologies based on selfish interest or universal

Implications of body communication or non-verbal messages In Assignment

Implications of body communication or non-verbal messages In communicating with the Koreans - Assignment Example Non-verbal way of communication is a way of sending and receiving a message to and from someone through the reading of the gestures, expressions, and signs made by the body. This communication is the most effective way of communication especially when the two people are not of the same culture or language. It prevents one from experiencing any embarrassment because of not delivering the best when communicating verbally. Therefore, most of the Koreans communicate non-verbally with people from different cultures in order to succeed socially and achieve success in a reproductive manner1. Globally, many and different groups of people exist, with each one of then having their own culture. When using non-verbal communication, it becomes easy to socialize with different people from cultures. Different people with different cultures universally know most body signs2. However, culture of a certain group of people influences how they communicate using body signs and gestures. However, several implications will arise when communicating non-verbally with a Korean3. Culture of the Korean influences how they communicate non-verbally. They majorly emphasize the values of Confucian while communicating non-verbally. This applies in that they avoid shame, comparing socially and in terms of conformity. According to the culture of the Koreans, it is extremely vital for one to keep a distance from the person one is communicating with. Therefore, this is a positive attitude because they are in a position to accept any authorities given. They are very strong when it comes to keeping a distance. Therefore, they are very obedient to their superiors. In management, power distance should apply all through to ensure that there is respect between the seniors in a certain company and the juniors of the company. According to scholars, Koreans do not like involvement in declaring ones social identity because this leads to differentiation between two people. When this differentiation comes in, it creates an unusually big distance amongst different people. From this, we ca conclude that, to maintain a health society in a working environment, it is crucial for one to be oriented in the main goal of being in the company rather than individualism because this causes so many differences amongst employees working together4. When handing something to someone, Koreans use the right hand or both hands. They believe using left hand is a rude way in offering something. This shows that one should always be soft and show respect to somebody else despite the status or position in the society. When communicating, Koreans focus greatly on the face of the person communicating with them. They rely greatly on the eyes communication of a person. However, Koreans avoid touching while communicating. Touching is an embarrassing display of behavior in the public5. They believe that any affection should not be displayed when outside. This behavior is very important in a company. It helps in ensu ring that no one learns about any affection between two people easily. From the restraint value of the Confucian, it is clear in Koreans that they take great control when impressing. In most cases, their facial expressions are the main way of communicating. However, in an arguement about a business, they always argue out a problem to reach a solution but in case of silence, this means that there exist no ideas of solving their problem. This is helpful because, they are always ready to give ideas that one has6. Koreans use expressions to soften the communication. In many cases, some things are very difficult to tell another person verbally because they make a person feel more hurt, but when shown through a certain facial expression, they person is not likely to feel a big effect. For effective communication with a Korean, it is important to ensure that he or she keeps a constant look on the face in order to understand more7. This mode of